Carbone ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bigize ibyuma by'inganda.Imikorere nuburyo bwibyuma bigenwa ahanini nibirimo no gukwirakwiza karubone mubyuma.Ingaruka ya karubone irahambaye cyane mubyuma bidafite ingese.Ingaruka ya karubone kumiterere yicyuma kitagira umwanda igaragara cyane mubice bibiri.Ku ruhande rumwe, karubone ni ikintu gikomeza austenite, kandi ingaruka ni nini (inshuro zigera kuri 30 za nikel), ku rundi ruhande, bitewe na karuboni na chromium.Kinini, hamwe na chromium - urwego rukomeye rwa karbide.Kubwibyo, kubijyanye nimbaraga no kurwanya ruswa, uruhare rwa karubone mubyuma bidafite ingese biravuguruzanya.
Kumenya amategeko yiyi ngaruka, turashobora guhitamo ibyuma bitagira umwanda hamwe nibintu bitandukanye bya karubone dushingiye kubikenewe bitandukanye.
Kurugero, chromium isanzwe yibyiciro bitanu byibyuma bya 0Crl3 ~ 4Cr13, niyo ikoreshwa cyane munganda kandi ikaba ntoya, yashyizwe kuri 12 ~ 14%, ni ukuvuga ko ibintu karubone na chromium bigize chromium karbide byitabwaho.Intego ifatika ni uko nyuma ya karubone na chromium byahujwe na karubide ya chromium, ibirimo chromium mubisubizo bikomeye ntibizaba munsi yibintu byibuze bya chromium bingana na 11.7%.
Kubyerekeranye nibi byiciro bitanu byibyuma, kubera itandukaniro ryibigize karubone, imbaraga hamwe no kurwanya ruswa nabyo biratandukanye.Kurwanya ruswa ya 0Cr13 ~ 2Crl3 ibyuma nibyiza ariko imbaraga ziri munsi yicyuma cya 3Crl3 na 4Cr13.Ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibice byubatswe.
Bitewe na karubone nyinshi, ibyiciro byombi byibyuma birashobora kubona imbaraga nyinshi kandi bikoreshwa cyane mugukora amasoko, ibyuma nibindi bice bisaba imbaraga nyinshi kandi bikarwanya kwambara.Urundi rugero, kugirango tuneshe ruswa hagati ya 18-8 chromium-nikel ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, karubone yibyuma irashobora kugabanuka kugeza munsi ya 0.03%, cyangwa ikintu (titanium cyangwa niobium) gifitanye isano nini kuruta chromium na karubone gishobora kongerwaho kugirango kibuze gukora karbide.Chromium, kurugero, mugihe ubukana bwinshi no kwihanganira kwambara aribyo bisabwa byingenzi, turashobora kongera karubone yibyuma mugihe twongereye chromium muburyo bukwiye, kugirango twuzuze ibisabwa byo gukomera no kwambara, kandi tuzirikane bimwe na bimwe birwanya ruswa, imikoreshereze yinganda nkibikoresho, gupima ibikoresho na blade hamwe nibyuma bitagira umwanda 9Cr18 na 9Cr17MoVCo, nubwo ari karubone 0. iracyemeza kurwanya ruswa.Saba.
Muri rusange, karuboni yibyuma bitagira umwanda bikoreshwa muruganda ni bike.Ibyinshi mu byuma bidafite ingese bifite karubone ya 0.1 kugeza 0.4%, naho ibyuma birwanya aside bifite karubone ya 0.1 kugeza 0.2%.Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite karubone irenga 0.4% bigize agace gato gusa k'umubare w'amanota yose, kubera ko mubihe byinshi byo gukoresha, ibyuma bidafite ingese bihora bifite kurwanya ruswa nkintego yabo yibanze.Mubyongeyeho, ibirimo munsi ya karubone nabyo biterwa nibikorwa bimwe na bimwe bisabwa, nko gusudira byoroshye no guhindura imbeho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-27-2022