TL; DR —Inganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga zo mu Buyapani zitumiza uduce tw'icyuma gikonje gikozwe mu bushinwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu gukata no gukata icyuma gihuza ibyuma, zishyira mu bikorwa igenzura ry’ibipimo bitanu n’iby’icyuma birenga ibipimo bisanzwe bya ASTM A240 cyangwa JIS G 4305. Uburyo bukunze kwangwa n’amatsinda y’Abayapani mu rwego rwo kugenzura ni ugukomera - umurongo wa 1/4H ugenwa kuri HV 250–310 ntugomba kugira ubugari burenze ± 15 HV mu burebure bwa coil (uburyo busanzwe bwa HV 60 bufatwa nk'ubugari cyane ku isoko rihuza ibyuma risaba imbaraga zo kongeramo ± 5%). Ubugari bw'ubuso bugomba kuba buri munsi ya Ra 0.5 μm ku ruhande rw'umurongo uhuza ibyuma, kandi ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubugari bugomba kuguma kuri ± 0.03 mm kuri 0.3 mm nominal gauge - ihinduka rya 0.05 mm mu bunini bw'umurongo ritanga ihinduka rya 0.3 mm mu burebure bw'umurongo uhuza ibyuma, bihindura igitutu cyo guhuza nacyo kuri 1.2–1.5 N uvuye ku giciro cyagenwe. Iyi ngingo ivuga ku bipimo bitanu by'igenzura by'ingenzi iyo ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga cyo mu Buyapani gitanze itegeko ryo gusubiramo icyuma gikonje gikonjesha.

Inganda zikora ibikoresho byo guhuza no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho mu Buyapani — nka JAE (Japan Aviation Electronics), Hirose Electric, n'ishami rya Yazaki rishinzwe ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga — zikoresha toni ibihumbi by'icyuma gikonjesha gikonjeshwa buri mwaka ku bikoresho byashyizweho ikimenyetso: uduce tw'impeshyi dukomeza igice cy'icyuma gihuza (ubusanzwe gifite ubugari bwa mm 0.2–0.4, ubushyuhe bwa 1/2H, urwego rwa 301 cyangwa 304), n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ubugari bwa mm 0.15–0.30 mu bushyuhe bwa 1/4H. Agace k'impeshyi kinjira mu mashini ishyiraho ikimenyetso kuri metero 50–200/min, bigatanga metero 50.000–200.000 ku isaha binyuze mu gikoresho gikomeza gukora gifite ibisabwa byo kwihanganira gupimwa muri mikorometero. Agace kananiwe igenzura ryinjira mu ruganda rw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga mu Buyapani gasubizwa umucuruzi ku giciro cy'umucuruzi, hamwe n'ikiguzi cyo gusohora ibicuruzwa kiri hagati ya ¥200.000–¥500.000 ku isaha ku mashini ikoresha ikimenyetso. Dutanga icyuma gikonjesha gikozwe mu buryo bwa "cold-rolled stainless steel" kuri iri soko, kandi iyi nkuru ivuga ku magenzura atanu injeniyeri w’Ubuyapani ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga akora kuri buri koyili ije. Ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwacu bwo gukora "cold-rolled steel", reba kuri "cold-rolled steel string".urupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa by'icyuma gikonjeshaKu bijyanye n'ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bunoze, suraicyiciro cy'umugozi w'icyuma kidashonga neza.

Uburimbane bw'ubukonje — Impamvu ± 15 HV ari ingenzi ku mpeshyi ihuza n'amazi

Inganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Buyapani zigaragaza ubushyuhe bw'icyuma gikonjesha gikonjesha ku bipimo bibiri bikorana icyarimwe: JIS G 4313 (imirongo y'icyuma gikonjesha ikora ku masoko) n'ibipimo bya ASTM A240/A480 ku bipimo bingana by'ubushyuhe. Ku gice cya 1/4H mu cyuma gikonjesha cya 304, intera y'ubukomere kuri JIS G 4313 ni HV 250–310 (ikwirakwizwa ry'amanota 60). Ku gice cya 1/2H mu cyuma gikonjesha cya 301, intera ni HV 310–370 (na 60). Igipimo niurwego rw'ubukana bw'umusaruro w'uruganda— ikubiyemo ihinduka risanzwe ry’ubushyuhe bw’itanura rinini (± 10°C ku bugari bw’umurongo mu itanura rinini rinini) n’ihinduka ryo kugabanya ubukonje (± 2% mu nzira ya nyuma ku ruganda rwa Sendzimir). Ariko ku ruganda rw’Abayapani rukora icyuma gipima ubukana bwa 60 ni rinini cyane ku icyuma gipima ubukana kigomba gutanga imbaraga zihamye ku gipimo cya 500.000.

Imbaraga zo gukoraho za "spring clip terminal" zijyanye n'imbaraga z'umusaruro w'umurongo ku gice cy'umugongo cyakozwe. Ku gice cy'icyuma kitagira umugozi cya 0.3 mm gifite ubugari bwa 1/2H 301 gipfundikiye ku gice cy'imbere cya 0.3 mm (igipimo cya R/t = 1.0 - gupfundikira gukomeye ku gice cy'umugongo), inguni ya "springback" ihindukaho 0.5° kuri buri HV 10 yiyongereye mu bukomere bw'umurongo. Impinduka ya 60 HV kuri "coil" bivuze ko inguni ya "springback" ihindukaho 3° - uburebure bwa "clip free clip" buhindukaho 0.2 mm ku mpera y'umurongo, kandi imbaraga zo guhuza zihinduka kuva kuri 8 N yagenwe zikagera kuri 6.5 N na 9.5 N. Umukiriya w'Umuyapani yanga itsinda iryo ari ryo ryose aho ubukomere buhindukaho kurenza ± 15 HV kuri "coil" (idirishya rya 30-point). Twujuje ibi bisabwa dukoresha uruganda ruzunguruka ku gipimo gigenzurwa kuri buri gipimo no gupima ubukomere ku myanya itanu (ibumoso, ibumoso, hagati, iburyo, iburyo) kuri buri gice cy'umugongo, dufata inyandiko isanzwe. Iyo ihindagurika risanzwe rirenze 8 HV, coil iragabanuka ikajya mu buryo butari bwo. Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa bikonje rugaragara kuriurupapuro rw'agace gakonje.

Ubukana bw'ubuso — Ra 0.5 μm kugira ngo habeho ubukana bwo guhangana n'ibintu

Ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'agace gakonje kazengurutse ku ruhande rw'aho icyuma gihurira bugena ahantu nyaho gikora hagati y'aho icyuma gihurira n'agapira ko guhuza. Agace gafite 3 A y'umuvuduko w'ikimenyetso gifite ubushyuhe bwa 20 mΩ gasaba ahantu nyaho gikora nibura 0.01 mm² ku ngufu zisanzwe zo guhuza (8 N). Niba ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'agace ari Ra 1.0 μm aho kuba Ra 0.5 μm, ubushyuhe (ibice by'inyongera) ku buso buba burebure kuri 0.5 μm - guhinduka kwa plastiki kw'izi mpande munsi y'imbaraga zo guhuza birema ahantu nyaho gikora hato 30–40%, bigatuma ubushyuhe bw'aho gikora buva kuri 20 mΩ bukagera kuri 30–35 mΩ. Kuri 3 A, gukwirakwira kw'ingufu ku gice cyo guhuza (I²R = 9 × 0.035 = 0.315 W) mu nzu ifunganye idafite umwuka bituma ubushyuhe bwo mu gace buzamuka bwa 15–25°C hejuru y'ikirere. Mu gice cy’imodoka gifite moteri ya 60, ubushyuhe buteranya bugabanya ubushyuhe bw’impeshyi ya terminal — icyuma cya 1/2H kiruhukaho 10–15% kuri 100°C mu masaha 3.000, bigabanya imbaraga zo gukoraho no kongera imbaraga zo gukoraho mu gihe cyo kwiyubaka.

Ubugari bw'ubuso bw'umugozi bushingira ku bintu bine: imiterere y'ubuso bw'umugozi (irangiza ry'ubutaka Ra 0.1 μm ku iherezo rya nyuma), isuku y'amavuta yo kuzunguruka (sisitemu ya 5 μm ibuza uduce dukomeye kwinjira mu buso bw'umugozi), ubugari bw'umugozi mu gihe cyo kuzunguruka bwa nyuma (bugumana muri ± 3% by'aho buherereye n'igenzura rya torque y'umugozi), n'ikirere cy'itanura rinini (ikirere kigabanya hydrogen-azote kuri 1,050°C ku bushyuhe bwa 304 na 301 birinda imvura ya karuboni no kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'ubuso). Dupima ubugari bw'ubuso ku myanya itatu mu bugari bw'umugozi kuri buri coil dukoresheje icyuma gipima uko umuntu ahagaze kuri ISO 25178. Ra isanzwe ni 0.35–0.45 μm ku ruhande rwiza na 0.45–0.55 μm ku ruhande rudakomeye - umukiriya ahitamo uruhande rw'ubugari bw'umugozi. Ku bushobozi bwo gukora umugozi ukomeye, rebaurupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa by'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo buhamye kandi butagira umwanda.

Ubunini bwo kwihanganira ubunini — ± 0.03 mm Igenzura uburebure bw'agace kagonze

Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubunini mu gice cy’umugozi gikonje neza bugaragazwa kuri ASTM A480 nka ± 10% by’igipimo cy’ubugari kugeza kuri mm 600. Ku bunini bwa mm 0.30, ubu ni ± 0.030 mm. Inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga zo mu Buyapani nazo zishyira mu bikorwa ubu buryo bwo kwihanganira, ariko nanone bapima ihindagurika ry’ubugari mu bugari bw’umugozi (imiterere y’ikamba) no ku burebure bw’umugozi (ihindagurika ry’umugozi). Ikamba - itandukaniro ry’ubunini hagati y’umugozi n’inkombe y’umugozi - ntirigomba kurenza mm 0.010 ku gice cy’ubugari bwa mm 200 ku gipimo cy’ubugari cya mm 0.30. Ihindagurika ry’umugozi - ihindagurika ry’ubunini mu burebure riterwa n’ubudasa bw’ingufu z’inyuma z’uruganda rwa Sendzimir - ntirigomba kurenza mm 0.005 ku burebure bwa metero 10.

Kuki ari uru rwego rwo gukora neza kuri "spring clip"? "Spring clip" ifite agace kameze nk'inyuguti igonda ku rugero rwa 0.5 mm ifite ubugari bwa 0.30 mm (R/t = 1.67) ifite uburebure bwa 4.5 mm. Niba ubugari bwa "strip" ari 0.33 mm (urugero rwo hejuru rwa ± 0.03 mm), imiterere ya "springback" irahinduka kuko igihe cyo guhagarara kw'igice (I = b × t³ / 12) cyiyongeraho (0.33/0.30)³ = inshuro 1.33 - "spring" yakozwe iba ikomeye ku kigero cya 33% mu guhagarara, kandi uburebure bwa "stop" bwiyongeraho 0.3 mm kugeza 4.8 mm. Imbaraga zo gushyiramo "pin" zihinduka kuva ku bipimo bya 8 ± 1 N kugeza 10 ± 1.5 N - hejuru y'urugero rw'umukiriya rwa 9 N. Ingaruka zimwe zibaho iyo ubugari buri ku rugero rwo hasi rwa 0.27 mm. Ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubugari bwa ± 0.03 mm busobanura neza impinduka ya ± 0.25 N mu gice cy'impeshyi - kandi idirishya ry'abakiriya ryo kwakira ni ± 1 N. Dufata ubugari bwa ± 0.02 mm hagati ya coil na ± 0.03 mm ku nkengero binyuze mu kugenzura icyuma gifunganye kuri Sendzimir mill pass ya nyuma. Ku bicuruzwa by'icyuma kidashonga mu buryo bwagutse, reba muriurupapuro rw'icyiciro cy'icyuma kidashonga.

Edge Burr — Uburyo bwo Gukoresha Punch-and-Die Lifetime Interface

Agace gakonje gashyirwamo uduce duto duturutse ku gikoresho cy’ubugari bwose mu duce duto (20-200 mm z’ubugari, bitewe n’ubugari bw’aho icyuma gishyirwa n’imiterere yacyo) ku murongo wo gukata ukoresheje ibyuma bizunguruka. Uburyo bwo gukata butuma habaho agace k’umugozi ku nkombe y’umugozi - umunwa w’ibikoresho byakuwe hejuru uzamuka uzamuka hejuru y’umugozi kuri mm 0.02-0.15 bitewe n’ubukana bw’icyuma, aho icyuma gishyirwa (icyuho kiri hagati y’ibyuma byo hejuru n’ibyo hasi, gishyirwa kuri 5-10% by’ubugari bw’umugozi kugira ngo icyuma gikorwe neza), n’umuvuduko w’umugozi ku gikoresho cyo gukata. Ku gikoresho cyo gukata cy’Abayapani gikoresha ibyuma 200 ku munota gifite aho icyuma gikomwa cya mm 0.020 (7% by’ubugari bw’umugozi wa mm 0.30), agace k’umugozi kari ku nkombe y’umugozi ni cyo kintu cya mbere gihura n’agace k’umugozi. Uburebure bw'umurambararo burenga mm 0.05 buzatuma uruhu rw'umurambararo rurushaho kumera nabi mu gihe cy'iminota 50.000 - uruhu rw'umurambararo rutera agahu ku butaka bw'umurambararo bujya kuri buri gice gikurikiraho, bigatanga uruziga ruzamutse ku rundi ruhande rubuza urwego rw'umurambararo kwicara neza mu gikoresho gihuza.

Dugenzura uburebure bw'inkombe z'umunyururu dukoresheje uburyo bwo gukata bugizwe n'ibipimo bitatu: aho icyuma gihurira hashyirwa kuri 30% by'ubugari bw'umunyururu (0.09 mm kuri 0.30 mm), aho icyuma giherereye ni 8% by'ubugari bw'umunyururu (0.024 mm), kandi aho icyuma gihagarara haguma munsi ya 0.01 mm - ibyuma bikata bisubirwamo iyo inkombe z'umunyururu zirenze 0.02 mm, ibyo bikaba biba nyuma ya toni 30-50 z'iminyururu kuri buri icyuma. Uburebure bw'umunyururu bupimwa hakoreshejwe ikimenyetso cyerekana aho icyuma giherereye kuri metero ya mbere na metero ya nyuma ya buri ruziga rw'umunyururu. Uburebure bw'umunyururu burenga 0.05 mm bukurwaho n'ahantu ho gukata (urutonde rw'uduce twa karubide dufite impera zigabanya inkombe z'umunyururu kuri 0.03 mm uvuye kuri buri ruhande) aho umurongo w'umunyururu usohoka. Igikorwa cyo gukuraho umuriro mu kirere kidutwara ¥0.30 kuri metero imwe y'umurongo - ariko fagitire yo gusana umuriro mu cyuma cy’uruganda rw’Abayapani gifite sitasiyo esheshatu ni ¥150.000–¥300.000, hamwe n’igihe cyo gukora umurongo w’amashanyarazi kitarakora. Igikorwa cyo gukuraho umuriro mu kirere kirimo nk'ibisanzwe ku mabwiriza yose y’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byo mu Buyapani bikozwe mu buryo bukonje, nta kiguzi cy’inyongera.

Gupakira no Gutanga — Ibisabwa kuri JIT Coil

Inganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Buyapani zikora ku buryo bworoshye (JIT). Agace ka metero 500 kangana na 0.30 × 100 mm gafite uburebure bwa metero 2.100 kakirwa kagashyirwa ku gasanduku k'imashini ka multi-slide stamping press payoff reel - nta bubiko buri hagati, nta kugenzura. Agace kagomba kuba kadafite ibimenyetso byo gupfunyika (aho agace k'inyuma gakorera ku gupfunyika imbere mu gihe cyo gupfunyika no gufata), kuko gupfunyika kwa mm 0.02 mu bujyakuzimu bw'agace gatuma habaho umuvuduko w'icyuma ku gipfunyika - punch ihura n'ubudahangarwa bwa mm 0.02 kuri iyo myanya, press ram irahengamye, kandi impera y'agace ka punch ikora terminal y'ibisigazwa.

Ibipimo byo gupakira ku byuma byoherezwa mu Buyapani birimo: icyuma gipfunyika (umurambararo w'imbere wa mandrel 300 mm, umurambararo w'inyuma wa mm 450, imigozi yo ku ruhande ya mm 150), agace k'umugozi gafite umuvuduko uhoraho (50 N kuri mm 10 z'ubugari bwa strip — 500 N ku murambararo wa mm 100), buri gapfunyika gatandukanijwe n'urupapuro rwa polyethylene rwa mm 0.10 kugira ngo hirindwe ko gapfunyika, agapfunyika gafunze mu gikapu cy'ubushyuhe n'umwuka w'ubukonje gifite desiccant ya silica gel (icyuma kidafunze ntigifata ingese, ariko impapuro zo ku rupapuro zigomba kubikwa munsi ya 10% by'ubushyuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ko aside organic z'urupapuro zanduza ubuso bw'urupapuro mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu mu mazi), n'agapfunyika gapakiye mu gasanduku k'ibiti gafite ifuro rituma ibintu bihindagurika. Umubare w'imigozi yo gusudira muri koyili — buri koyili ikorwa no gusudira imirongo myinshi ya toni 5 z'insinga z'insinga kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera ku murongo wo gukata — ni ihuriro 1 ryo gusudira kuri metero 500 ku batumije b'Abayapani, ugereranije n'ibipimo ngenderwaho by'inganda bya 1 kuri metero 300. Agace k'imigozi yo gusudira karangwa n'umurongo w'irangi ry'umuhondo cm 30 mbere na cm 30 nyuma y'imigozi, kandi umukozi ushinzwe gukata ategetswe gukata no guta agace k'imigozi ku murongo w'injira ry'imashini.

Urutonde rwuzuye rw'ibicuruzwa dutanga byo gukoresha mu gusiga neza biri ku rutonde rw'ibicuruzwaurupapuro rw'ikatalogu y'ibicuruzwa.

Urutonde rw'igenzura ryo kwemererwa kw'igenzura ry'ibibazo by'ubuyapani ritangira mu Buyapani

Ku bijyanye n'ibipimo by'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ubu n'ibiciro by'icyuma gikonjesha gikozwe mu buryo bunoze,urupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa by'umurongo ugororotseikubiyemo ingano z'ubushyuhe zihari n'ibipimo ntarengwa. Kugira ngo habeho gusobanukirwa neza uburyo bwo gutunganya ibyuma bitanduye,urupapuro rw'ibicuruzwa byakozwe mu buryo bukonjeisobanura ibikoresho byo gukora n'intambwe z'ibikorwa.

Sisitemu y'Ubuyapani y'Amabwiriza Ngengabukungu itanga urwego rw'ibikoresho —JIS G 4313 ikoze mu byuma bikonje kandi bizingiye mu masomeroni ibipimo ngenderwaho bikoreshwa ku bushyuhe bwa 1/4H na 1/2H bikoreshwa mu gukata ibyuma mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga. Ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku igeragezwa ry'ibihuza,Ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gupima terminal ya SAE International connectorgaragaza uburyo bwo gupima ubukana bw'aho umuntu ahurira n'aho anyura n'ibipimo by'ibizamini ku miyoboro y'itumanaho ikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa